Hydrochloric acid

Hydrochloric acid Property

mp : -35 °C bp : 57 °C density : 1.2 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) vapor density : 1.3 (vs air) vapor pressure : 613 psi ( 21.1 °C) Fp : -40°C storage temp. : 2-8°C solubility : H2O: soluble form : liquid Water Solubility : miscible Sensitive : Air & Light Sensitive Merck : 14,4780 Stability:: Stable. Incompatible with alkalies, most metals. Avoid contact with water. CAS DataBase Reference: 7647-01-0(CAS DataBase Reference) NIST Chemistry Reference: Hydrogen chloride(7647-01-0) EPA Substance Registry System: Hydrochloric acid(7647-01-0)

Safety

Hazard Codes : T,C,F,Xi,F+,Xn Risk Statements : 36/37/38-37-34-35-23-20-11-67-66-22-19-12-10-40-20/22-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-41-37/38 Safety Statements : 26-45-36/37/39-9-33-29-16-46-36/37-39 RIDADR : UN 2924 3/PG 2 WGK Germany : 2 RTECS : MW4025000 F : 3 HazardClass : 3 PackingGroup : I Hazardous Substances Data: 7647-01-0(Hazardous Substances Data)

Hydrochloric acid Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties colourless gas Air & Water Reactions Fumes strongly in moist air. Soluble in water with evolution of heat. Reactivity Profile ANHYDROUS HYDROGEN CHLORIDE is an anhydrous (no water) strong acid. Reacts rapidly and exothermically with bases of all kinds (including amines and amides). Reacts exothermically with carbonates (including limestone and building materials containing limestone) and hydrogen carbonates to generate carbon dioxide. Reacts with sulfides, carbides, borides, and phosphides to generate toxic or flammable gases. Reacts with many metals (including aluminum, zinc, calcium, magnesium, iron, tin and all of the alkali metals) to generate flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts violently with acetic anhydride, 2-aminoethanol, ammonium hydroxide, calcium phosphide, chlorosulfonic acid, 1,1-difluoroethylene, ethylenediamine, ethyleneimine, oleum, perchloric acid, b-propiolactone, propylene oxide, silver perchlorate/carbon tetrachloride mixture, sodium hydroxide, uranium(IV) phosphide, vinyl acetate, calcium carbide, rubidium carbide, cesium acetylide, rubidium acetylide, magnesium boride, mercury(II) sulfate [Lewis]. Undergoes a very energetic reaction with calcium phosphide [Mellor 8:841(1946-1947)]. Corrosive to metals and tissues and irritating to the eyes and respiratory system. Corrodes galvanized or copper-alloy metals (brass, bronze); fittings of stainless steel or mild or cast steel must therefore be used. Reacts with calcium carbide with incandescence [Mellor 5:862(1946-1947]. Absorption on mercuric sulfate becomes violent at 125°C. [Mellor 2, Supp. 1:462(1956)]. Health Hazard Gas concentrations of 50 to 100 ppm are tolerable for 1 hour. Concentrations of 1,000 to 2,000 ppm are dangerous, even for brief exposures. More severe exposures will result in serious respiratory distress and prolonged exposures will result in death. Mists of hydrochloric acid are considered less harmful than anhydrous hydrochloric acid, because droplets have no dehydrating action. Individuals with respiratory problems and digestive diseases may be adversely affected by low level exposures to the gas or mist. Fire Hazard Fire may produce irritating or poisonous gases. Containers may explode in heat of fire. At high temperatures, Hydrochloric acid decomposes into hydrogen and chlorine. The following materials should be avoided: Mercuric sulfate -- violent reaction with gaseous hydrochloric acid at 250F. Sodium -- reacts vigorously with gaseous hydrochloric acid. Acetic anhydride, 2-aminoethanol, ammonium hydroxide, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, oleum, propiolactone, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, and vinyl acetate -- increase in temperature and pressure when mixed with hydrochloric acid. Calcium phosphide -- energetic reaction with hydrochloric acid. Silver perchlorate and carbon tetrachloride -- when mixed in combination with hydrochloric acid forms a compound that detonates at 105F. Formaldehyde -- when mixed with hydrochloric acid forms a human carcinogen. Material reacts violently with bases and is corrosive with the generation of heat. Reacts with base metals, forming combustible gas (hydrogen). Reacts violently with strong oxidants forming toxic gas (chlorine). Avoid heat; at high temperatures Hydrochloric acid will decompose into hydrogen and chlorine.

Hydrochloric acid Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials Nitrogen Compressor Sodium chloride Chlorine Oxygen Hydrogen Potassium chloride Sodium carbonate

Preparation Products (E)-2-(2-Nitroethenyl)thiophene Pigment Yellow 14 2-Chloroethyl chloroformate 4,6-DIMETHOXYPYRIMIDINE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID 1,2,3,4-THIATRIAZOL-5-AMINE 4-Nitrophenyl isocyanate 3-Phenoxypropionic acid 2-(2-Chloroethoxy)ethanol Potassium clavulanate 2-Chloro-3,4-diaminopyridine 1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin C^{12^} fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate trans-Ferulic acid 4,6-DIMETHYL-2-THIOPYRIMIDINE tert-Butylferrocene Ethylenediamine dihydrochloride 2-FLUOROPHENETHYL ALCOHOL 2,4-Dimethoxybenzoic acid Rubber peptizer 1,2,4,5-Tetrafluorobenzene 3-Hydroxy-2-iodo-6-methylpyridine 1H-Benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid METHYLENEDIPHOSPHONIC ACID STRONTIUM HYDROXIDE OCTAHYDRATE Sodium 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene-6-sulfonate Daidzein 4-METHOXY-3-METHYLBENZYL CHLORIDE QUINUCLIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE 4-NITROISOPHTHALIC ACID 4-CARBOXYPHENYL ISOTHIOCYANATE C.I.Vat Red 29 4-Deoxypyridoxine hydrochloride N-(2-Naphthyl)aniline 3,5-Dichlorophenyl isocyanate 1,2-Difluorobenzene Granisetron hydrochloride Chlortetracycline hydrochloride QUINOXALINE-2,3-DICARBOXYLIC ACID Propyl chloroformate Norfloxacin Hcl

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