Potassium

Potassium Property

mp : 770 °C(lit.) bp : 770 °C density : 1.98 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) vapor pressure : 0.09 mm Hg ( 260 °C) refractive index : n20/D 1.334 storage temp. : 2-8°C solubility : H2O: soluble form : rod Water Solubility : reacts Stability:: Stable. Moisture and air-sensitive. Spontaneously combustible through the generation and ignition of hydrogen. Reacts violently with water and acids, alcohols, carbon monoxide. Store under oil. CAS DataBase Reference: 7440-09-7(CAS DataBase Reference) NIST Chemistry Reference: Potassium(7440-09-7) EPA Substance Registry System: Potassium(7440-09-7)

Safety

Hazard Codes : F,C,Xi,T Risk Statements : 14/15-34-36/38-23/24/25 Safety Statements : 8-43-45-5B-5*-36/37/39-26-5-27 RIDADR : UN 2257 4.3/PG 1 WGK Germany : 2 RTECS : TS8050000 F : 8 HazardClass : 4.3 PackingGroup : I Hazardous Substances Data: 7440-09-7(Hazardous Substances Data)

Potassium Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Chemical Properties soft silvery metal, tarnishing upon exposure to air. General Description Potassium is potassium mixed with some other metal, usually sodium. Potassium is a liquid under normal conditions. Potassium reacts vigorously with water to form potassium hydroxide, a corrosive material and hydrogen, a flammable gas. The heat from this reaction may be sufficient to ignite the hydrogen. Potassium alloy may ignite spontaneously in contact with air. Once ignited, potassium burns quite violently. Potassium is used as a heat exchange fluid. Air & Water Reactions Reacts vigorously with oxygen. Reacts vigorously with water even at less than 100°C [Merck, 11th ed., 1989]. Water (caustic solution, H2) The oxidation of potassium in air is so rapid that the heat generated by the reaction melts and ignites the metal. This is particularly the case when pressure is applied at ordinary temperatures [Sidgwick 1. 1950]. Potassium burns in moist air at room temperature [Mellor 2:468. 1946-47]. The higher oxides of potassium, formed in air, react explosively with pure potassium, sodium, sodium-potassium alloys, and organic matter [Mellor 2, Supp. 3:1559. 1963]. Reactivity Profile Boron trifluoride reacts with incandescence when heated with alkali metals or alkaline earth metals except magnesium [Merck 11th ed. 1989]. Maleic anhydride decomposes explosively in the presence of alkali metals . Sodium peroxide oxidizes antimony, arsenic, copper, potassium, tin, and zinc with incandescence . Alkali metal hydroxides, acids, anhydrous chlorides of iron, tin, and aluminum, pure oxides of iron and aluminum, and metallic potassium are some of the catalysts that may cause ethylene oxide to rearrange and polymerize, liberating heat . Explosions occur, although infrequently, from the combination of ethylene oxide and alcohols or mercaptans [Chem. Eng. News 20:1318. 1942]. A mixture of potassium and any of the following metallic halides produces a strong explosion on impact: aluminum chloride, aluminum fluoride, ammonium fluorocuprate, antimony tribromide, antimony trichloride, antimony triiodide, cadmium bromide, cadmium chloride, cadmium iodide, chromium tetrachloride, cupric bromide, cupric chloride, cuprous bromide cuprous chloride, cuprous iodide, manganese chloride, mercuric bromide, mercuric chloride, mercuric fluoride, mercuric iodide, mercurous chloride, nickel bromide, nickel chloride, nickel iodide, silicon tetrachloride, silver fluoride, stannic chloride, stannic iodide (with silver), stannous chloride, sulfur dibromide, thallous bromide, vanadium pentachloride, zinc bromide, zinc chloride, and zinc iodide [Mellor 2, Supp. 3:1571. 1963]. A mixture of potassium and any of the following compounds produces a weak explosion on impact: ammonium bromide, ammonium iodide, cadmium fluoride, chromium trifluoride, manganous bromide, manganous iodide, nickel fluoride, potassium chlorocuprate, silver chloride, silver iodide, strontium iodide, thallous chloride, and zinc fluoride [Mellor 2, Supp. 3:1571. 1963]. A mixture of potassium and any of the following compounds may explode on impact: boric acid, copper oxychloride, lead oxychloride, lead peroxide, lead sulfate, silver iodate, sodium iodate, and vanadium oxychloride [Mellor 2, Supp. 3:1571. 1963]. A mixture of potassium with any of the following compounds produces a very violent explosion on impact: boron tribromide, carbon tetrachloride, cobaltous bromide, cobaltous chloride, ferric bromide, ferric chloride, ferrous bromide, ferrous chloride, ferrous iodide, phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus tribromide, and sulfur dichloride [Mellor 2, Supp. 3:1571. 1963]. Mixture of solid potassium and carbon dioxide(as dry ice) explodes when subjected to shock [Mellor 2, Supp. 3:1568. 1963]. Potassium and its alloys form explosive mixtures with chlorinated hydrocarbons [Chem. Eng. News 26:2604. 1948]. Ethylene oxide is dangerously reactive with metallic potassium [Chemical Safety Data Sheet SD-38:11. 1951]. Potassium in contact with the following oxides causes an explosive reaction: potassium ozonide, potassium peroxide, or potassium superoxide [Mellor 2, Supp. 3:1577. 1963]. Health Hazard Inhalation or contact with vapors, substance or decomposition products may cause severe injury or death. May produce corrosive solutions on contact with water. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution. Fire Hazard Produce flammable gases on contact with water. May ignite on contact with water or moist air. Some react vigorously or explosively on contact with water. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished. Some are transported in highly flammable liquids. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard.

Potassium Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials Bifenthrin

Preparation Products Compound fertilizer (6-CHLORO-1H-INDOL-2-YL)-METHANOL Isobutylbenzene 6-Chloroindole-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester N-BUTYLXANTHIC ACID POTASSIUM SALT 5-METHOXY-1H-PYRROLO[3,2-B]PYRIDINE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID 6-Chloroindole-2-carboxylic acid 3-(3,4-DIHYDROXYPHENYL)PROPIONIC ACID ETHYL 1,3-DITHIOLANE-2-CARBOXYLATE 5-Chloroindole ETHYL 2-(TERT-BUTOXYCARBONYLAMINO)THIAZOLE-5-CARBOXYLATE (5-METHOXY-1H-PYRROLO[3,2-B]PYRIDIN-3-YL)-N,N-DIMETHYLMETHANAMINE 2-(DIPHENYLPHOSPHINO)ETHYLTRIETHOXYSILANE 4'-(2-Methylpropyl)acetophenone Foliar-fertilizer 5-(BENZYLOXY)-1H-PYRROLO[3,2-B]PYRIDINE-2-CARBALDEHYDE Mixed and compound fertilizer 6-CHLORO-1H-INDOLE-2-CARBALDEHYDE SODIUM 3-4-ISOBUTYLPHENYL)-2,3-EPOXYBUTYURATE 3-Quinuclidinone hydrochloride 3-QUINOLIN-2-YLPROPANOIC ACID 5-METHOXY-1H-PYRROLO[2,3-C]PYRIDINE-2-CARBALDEHYDE 5-METHOXY-1H-PYRROLO[2,3-C]PYRIDINE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID POTASSIUM B-METHYOXYETHOXIDE 6-TERT-BUTOXYPYRIDINE-2-CARBOXALDEHYDE (S)-3-Aminoquinuclidine dihydrochloride 3-Aminoquinuclidine dihydrochloride Potassium superoxide cis-DL-3-(2,2-Dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid Ethyl 2-aminothiazole-5-carboxylate 4-Aminopyrimidine Water flush fertilizer 2-N-BOC-AMINO-THIAZOLE-5-CARBOXYLIC ACID 5-METHOXY-1H-PYRROLO[3,2-B]PYRIDINE-3-CARBALDEHYDE

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